Property Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Property Law - Essay Example 360,000 by raising a mortgage amount from the Solent bank. This mortgage amount was with a joint responsibility with his father. Under the provisions of the Law of Property Act 1925, beneficial owners can obtain a court order for putting the trust into effect and directing sale of the property and thereafter division of the sale proceeds. With regard to house properties, the share of the parties will in general be 50% each, due to their joint ownership of the property. However, the court could refuse to grant sale order, if the reason behind the creation of the trust persists. 3 In Midland Bank v Cooke, 4 the Court of Appeal granted a half share to the defendant in the matrimonial home. In the absence of an express agreement, the court opined that the conduct of the parties would be examined in order to determine the intended share of each party. 5 In Stack v Dowden, the House of Lords held that in disputes where the family property was in joint names and in the absence of an express declaration regarding ownership, a beneficial joint tenancy could be presumed.6 Since, the defendant had provided 65% of the amount; Stack was entitled to 35% of the proceeds of the sale.7 In Jones v Kernott, the UK Supreme Court upheld the trial court’s grant of 90% of the property’s sale proceeds to the plaintiff. ... It is left to the court to defer the sale if it were of the opinion that such sale would be contrary to the purpose for which the property had been purchased. 9 In the UK common ownership of property is not transferred automatically between the parties to a marriage. Automatic transfer takes place, only if the parties consent to place the concerned property in their joint names. Such joint ownership can be of the following categories. First, joint tenancy, wherein the survivor of the married couple automatically inherits the share of the deceased spouse. Second, tenancy in common, in which the share in the property is transferred as per the will of the deceased spouse or as per the rules of intestacy.10 As such on the death of a spouse, the remaining spouse automatically derives a portion of the deceased spouse’s estate provided the property is held jointly by them. On the satisfaction of the Spouses Legal Right Share, children and issue become entitled to a share in the prope rty, after the intestate death of a person. In Abbott v Abbott the court granted 50% of the sale proceeds to the wife, as the couple had undertaken joint liability with regard to the repayment of the mortgage on the property. In addition, this husband and wife had arranged their finances entirely in a joint manner.11 The existence of a will executed by the deceased has a significant effect on the legal right of the remaining spouse or children. However, with regard to non – marital cohabitees, there is no such automatic entitlement, unless there is a specific benefit under a will. Conclusion Since Angelina holds the property, jointly with her deceased husband, she will receive half the share of the property, after meeting obligations and

Product developer in a major fashion company Essay

Product developer in a major fashion company - Essay Example According to the discipline of fashion product development, it is possible to come up with fashionable products for both retailers and manufacturers. This entails developing, planning and presenting the product to the targeted market. In this case, I would like to create a small line of colored denim for a leading fashion company. The denims will be in black, white and red. Jeans come in different fits including skinny, tapered, straight, boot cut and flare (Sullivan 29). Therefore, the line will only include skinny and tapered jeans in the different colors. Tapered jeans are slightly similar to the skinny jeans. However, the tapered jeans are not tight at the top as compared to the skinny jeans. These jeans are usually loose-fitted at the top and taut at the base (Sullivan 23). The tapered jeans are the best since; no one needs much ankle freedom. On the other hand, the skinny jeans, which are also called slim-fit pants, have a comfy fit depending on the size of the individual. In some cases, the skinny jeans usually have zippers to enable the individual to pull them over the feet. This jeans line will use the dry denim material in all colors. The dry denim is different from the washed denim material since, the dry denim is not washed after the dyeing procedure during its production. However, with time this material fades slowly. The dry denim presents a natural and unique look as compared to the distressed denim (Finlayson 24). The choice of buttons is also essential in the production of the denim line. The jeans button which comprise of the jeans button tack and the jeans button will be made from brass. This brass buttons will be manufactured for the three color denims. The jeans buttons will be supplied by YKK manufacturers. This line will also include copper rivets that will be used to reinforce the pockets of the jeans. Just like the jeans buttons, the copper rivets will also be produced for all the three color denims. Research asserts that rivets are

Neo Liberalism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Neo Liberalism - Essay Example There are many problems that it has introduced, but has been unable to provide answers. There had been mixed reactions as some of the happenings had been good and some of them were unpleasant. Dictatorships had been giving way to liberalism and this is definitely a positive step in the right direction. How long it might last, one cannot answer today. There exists another fear that Neo liberalism could widen the gap between the poor and rich. It is felt that World Bank, Inter American Development Bank and International Monetary Fund like powerful monetary institutions have imposed a situation of reducing profit rates felicitating the corporate few who are in bad business ventures, to revive their economic position. "Neo-liberalism is a response to a dual crisis that emerged in the mid-1970s for the ruling class. On the one hand capitalists faced a 'crisis of accumulation' - the capitalist system was stagnating and profits had fallen from the rates achieved immediately after the Second World War. Secondly, a rising tide of workers' struggle in the 1960s and 1970s posed a threat to the political power of the ruling elite" http://www.socialistreview.org.uk/article.phparticlenumber=9655 It is difficult to guess if Neo liberalism would bring the same future to all cities, or the result would be diverse in accordance with the city. But we can make very clear assumptions that it would definitely make the cities look and feel alike. There is a suggestion that the growth of cities is connected with the growth rate of national economy and most of the economic activities are focussed in the cities. "Indeed by the end of the 1980s the World Bank claimed that over half of all GDP in the greater majority of developing countries could be traced to urban areas", (Allen, 1999, p.248). The link between cities, particularly the cities in the developing countries, is a new one. As there had never been anything sweeping the earth the way globalisation did, it is understandable. No doubt, at one time, Imperialism ruled the world, but compared to the all-pervasive nature of neo-liberalism, effects of Imperialism were remote, and were limited to the particular colonies, even though there was a great impact on world trade and business. It lacked the power and all-grabbing tendencies of today's financial and marketing institutions. "The ideological persuasion exerted increasingly by these and other institutions mirrors the types of influence at work at the level of the global economy" (Allen, p.248). It has made the Governments to take a different view of their cities and attend to all needs of the cities mainly with the intention of fitting them into the global network, so that they could be showcased as their trophies and achievements of Neo liberalism. Some thinkers, economists and sociologists are of the opinion that cities should be limited and their unbridled growth should be curbed. They say this without taking into consideration the importance of cities in history or their current position as significant players economically, socially and politically. Another assumption is that the role of markets and economic institutions and their reforms are compatible with the city life of the inhabitants. Persisting doubt is if macroeconomic policies and regulations would be sufficient for the growth of the cities.

How A Bill Becomes A law Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

How A Bill Becomes A law - Term Paper Example This information can be used to better the nation, local community, career, and life as it moves forward. All Roads Lead to Congress is a case study of the proposal and passage of H.R. 3: Safe, Accountable, Flexible, Efficient, Transportation Equity Act (SAFETEA - LU) from the 109th Congress 2005 - 2006. This case study is presented from two different authors’ perspectives. One author is a political scientist, Costas Panagopoulos, and the other is an urban planner, Joshua Schank, who has been involved in transportation his entire career. Schank was Senator Hillary Clinton’s transportation fellow being brought in from Columbia University specifically to help work on this bill specifically. The book is organized by chapters telling the reader simply, â€Å"How a bill becomes law; bill introduction and markup; floor fight; conference; back to the drawing board; passage and politics; and the aftermath. In Chapter one, The four P’s are discussed including power, proc ess, policy, pots of money (price). Members of congress are most concerned about getting re-elected and use position taking, credit claiming, and advertising to get ahead. The suggestion is made that politicians worry more and do more about advertising their pork barrel projects than they do about passing solid pieces of legislation. Since their primary concern from day one in office is with getting re-elected, every move they make centers on that issue, the entire time they are in office. Public opinion of Congress as a whole is typically low, but constituent approval of some individual members of Congress is high. Transportation is a popular place to include pork barrel projects. There is a lot of detail provided in each chapter about what happens behind the scenes in the Congressional process, regarding deadlines, extensions of deadlines, â€Å"constituent meeting†, â€Å"surrogate meeting†, stall tactics, additional conversations, and so on, all in an effort to get a working piece of legislation that a bi-partisan group will be comfortable passing (p. 31). This bill was introduced in the house May 14, 2003 and was signed into law August 10, 2005 by President Bush. The final act was passed before the bridge collapse in Minnnesota on August 1, 2007, on I-35W at the height of rush hour. The bridge, as well as fifty vehicles, fell into the Mississippi River. Five people were killed. The investigation showed that popular, new roads and projects were funded, while the mundane, routine and maintenance projects were neglected. This was not the direct cause of the accident, but transportation has been bankrolling many other projects than the maintenance and safety of the existing roadways for years. The path taken by the highway funding bill followed the schematic in Figure 1.1 on page 6 of Panagopoulos and Schank. The bill is draft and proposed to both the House and the Senate. The Senate and House have committees that the bill goes to. In the commit tees the bill is marked up and reported out back to the Senate or the House with recommended changes. The bill then goes to the House rules committee. The bill post revisions makes its’ way back to the Senate and House floor for discussion, which if proceeding forward, follows with conference meetings to reconcile the differences between the Senate and the House. The

How the New, New York State Annual Professional Performance Review Essay

How the New, New York State Annual Professional Performance Review (APPR) Regulations changed the Employee Selection Process - Essay Example This paper critically analyzes the impacts of the new NYS Annual Professional Performance Review (APPR) Regulations on employee selection process. How the new NYS APPR Regulations Have Changed the Employee (Teacher) Selection Process Introduction In the year 2010, New York State approved the adoption of a new teacher evaluation law that requires the performance review of the teachers to be based on evidence of teacher effectiveness, student growth, student achievement as well as a number of other locally selected measures. Generally the primary objective of the new annual professional performance review (APPR) has been to provide a timely feedback on the effectiveness of the teachers as well an opportunity to acknowledge the strengths and the weaknesses of the educators in their capacity as employees. Previously the recruitment and selection process has been found not to focus much on quality since it led to poor selection by not factoring in other aspects of teaching which may not b e inherent during the normal selection process (Odden, 2011). Consequently the new APPR regulation were introduced to help improve the quality of learning in New York State particularly through enhanced decision making during the teacher selection process. ... This implies that the education system needs highly qualified teachers capable of instilling what is required to enable students to be successful for college and/or post-secondary careers. The need for more quality teachers is currently putting many states under intense pressure to conform to the NCLB act which aims at ensuring that only quality teachers are hired, those who can provide quality education to students(Freeport Public Schools, 2012). New York State is one of the states in America that have successfully made bold steps aimed at improving the quality and value of teachers. With its acceptance for the Race to the top incentive program, hiring effective teachers is now paramount. (www2.ed.gov, 2012).This paper critically examines how the New York State’s (NYS) APPR regulations have changed the employee selection process since its introduction. The relationship between the New NYS APPR Regulations on human resource activities For many years, organizations have always used referrals to help them carry out their human resource activities particularly during the employee selection process when hiring or promoting their employees (Hays and Kearney, 2001). Studies have confirmed that the use of performance reviews in employee selection processes is one of not only a reliable option but is also an easy and cost effective approach that ensures satisfaction both to the organization and to the employees. On the other hand, with the current high number of lawsuits those organizations are increasingly facing as a result of their decisions to hire, promote or terminate an employee, there has been an urgent need to develop new regulations

The Iodine Number of an Oil or Fat Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Iodine Number of an Oil or Fat - Essay Example The fatty acids without carbon-carbon double bonds are classified as saturated, and those containing carbon-carbon double bonds are classified as unsaturated. Palmitic and stearic acids are the most common saturated fatty acids, and oleic and linoleic acids are the most common unsaturated fatty acids. A way to measure the relative degree of unsaturation of a fat or an oil is to determine its iodine number. The Iodine Number is defined as the number of grams of iodine taken up by 100g of fat. The amount of iodine consumed is determined by titrating the iodine released, after addition of excess potassium iodide with standard sodium thiosulphate solution and comparing with a blank in which the fat is omitted (Pocklington, 1990). In general, fats have lower iodine numbers than oils because oils have greater percentages of carbon-carbon bonds that are double bonds. For example, typical iodine numbers for butter are 25 to 40, and for corn oil, 115 to 130. The fat and oil samples with 0.3 g weight were placed inside a clean and dry conical flask. Chloroform (10 cm3) was then added into the reaction vessel. Using a burette, 25cm3 of Wijs solution was carefully added dropwise. The flask was kept in the dark for 30 - 45 minutes for the reaction to occur. After stirring the solution, a spatula of potassium iodide was added. The solution was mixed until the dissolution was complete. De-ionised water (100cm3) was then added into the solution. Titration was performed using the 0.1mol dm-3 solution of sodium thiosulphate provided until a pale straw colour was observed. After this, a starch indicator was added until the blue colour disappears. A blank was also prepared separately. The iodine numbers (I2 No) of the samples were computed using the Equation (1): where B and T are the respective blank and test values from titration (cm3), and W is the weight of the fat and oil (g). The B-T values represent the difference

How A Bill Becomes A law Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

How A Bill Becomes A law - Term Paper Example This information can be used to better the nation, local community, career, and life as it moves forward. All Roads Lead to Congress is a case study of the proposal and passage of H.R. 3: Safe, Accountable, Flexible, Efficient, Transportation Equity Act (SAFETEA - LU) from the 109th Congress 2005 - 2006. This case study is presented from two different authors’ perspectives. One author is a political scientist, Costas Panagopoulos, and the other is an urban planner, Joshua Schank, who has been involved in transportation his entire career. Schank was Senator Hillary Clinton’s transportation fellow being brought in from Columbia University specifically to help work on this bill specifically. The book is organized by chapters telling the reader simply, â€Å"How a bill becomes law; bill introduction and markup; floor fight; conference; back to the drawing board; passage and politics; and the aftermath. In Chapter one, The four P’s are discussed including power, proc ess, policy, pots of money (price). Members of congress are most concerned about getting re-elected and use position taking, credit claiming, and advertising to get ahead. The suggestion is made that politicians worry more and do more about advertising their pork barrel projects than they do about passing solid pieces of legislation. Since their primary concern from day one in office is with getting re-elected, every move they make centers on that issue, the entire time they are in office. Public opinion of Congress as a whole is typically low, but constituent approval of some individual members of Congress is high. Transportation is a popular place to include pork barrel projects. There is a lot of detail provided in each chapter about what happens behind the scenes in the Congressional process, regarding deadlines, extensions of deadlines, â€Å"constituent meeting†, â€Å"surrogate meeting†, stall tactics, additional conversations, and so on, all in an effort to get a working piece of legislation that a bi-partisan group will be comfortable passing (p. 31). This bill was introduced in the house May 14, 2003 and was signed into law August 10, 2005 by President Bush. The final act was passed before the bridge collapse in Minnnesota on August 1, 2007, on I-35W at the height of rush hour. The bridge, as well as fifty vehicles, fell into the Mississippi River. Five people were killed. The investigation showed that popular, new roads and projects were funded, while the mundane, routine and maintenance projects were neglected. This was not the direct cause of the accident, but transportation has been bankrolling many other projects than the maintenance and safety of the existing roadways for years. The path taken by the highway funding bill followed the schematic in Figure 1.1 on page 6 of Panagopoulos and Schank. The bill is draft and proposed to both the House and the Senate. The Senate and House have committees that the bill goes to. In the commit tees the bill is marked up and reported out back to the Senate or the House with recommended changes. The bill then goes to the House rules committee. The bill post revisions makes its’ way back to the Senate and House floor for discussion, which if proceeding forward, follows with conference meetings to reconcile the differences between the Senate and the House. The